Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: β-1,6-glucan plays a central role in the structure and remodeling of the bilaminate fungal cell wall

doi: 10.1101/2024.06.30.601427

Figure Lengend Snippet: a , Scheme of the cell wall of C. albicans . The proportion of each cell wall polymer was representative the results obtained on C. albicans SC5314 grown in liquid SD medium at 37°C. b, Scheme representing the dynamics of β-1,6-glucans under environmental factors. c , β-1,6-glucan is a compensatory pathway for mannan elongation defect. d , β-1,6-glucan is a PAMP. e , Scheme of the cell wall of KRE6 family deficient mutant.

Article Snippet: KRE6 was PCR amplified on SC5314 genomic DNA with primers KRE6-FWD and KRE6-REV; the fragment was cloned in pDONR207 with the Invitrogen TM Gateway BP clonase, and then transferred to the destination vector CIp10-P ACT1 - SAT1 using the Invitrogen TM Gateway LR clonase.

Techniques: Polymer, Mutagenesis

Journal: Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology

Article Title: L6E9 Myoblasts Are Deficient of Myostatin and Additional TGF- β Members Are Candidates to Developmentally Control Their Fiber Formation

doi: 10.1155/2010/326909

Figure Lengend Snippet: (a) Morphological visualization of C2C12 and L6E9 myoblasts undergoing differentiation. After Giemsa staining, phase contrast pictures were taken under the same magnification. Bar = 100 μ m. (b) The graph represents the quantification of myotube average size in differentiating C2C12 and L6E9 cells. * P < .05. (c) Immunoblotting was performed to compare the time-course expression of myogenin, Cav-3 and MyHC between C2C12 and L6E9 cells. Tubulin was used as loading control. (d) Semiquantitative RT-PCR analysis was performed to detect the transcript levels of myostatin, follistatin, ActRIIa, and ActRIIb in C2C12 and L6E9 cells cultured in differentiating medium. Gapdh amplification was performed as loading control. (e) RT-PCR analysis was carried out to amplify a 377 bp long fragment of myostatin in both mouse and rat gastrocnemius muscles. The amplification was performed by using the total RNA processed in presence or absence of reverse transcriptase (RT+ or RT−, resp.). Total RNAs are shown as loading control.

Article Snippet: The following primary mouse monoclonal antibodies (1 : 1000 diluted) were used: anti-Myogenin (clone F5D, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), anti-MyHC (Hybridoma Bank, University of Iowa), and anti-Cav-3 (clone 26, BD Transduction Laboratories).

Techniques: Staining, Western Blot, Expressing, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Cell Culture, Amplification

Journal: Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology

Article Title: L6E9 Myoblasts Are Deficient of Myostatin and Additional TGF- β Members Are Candidates to Developmentally Control Their Fiber Formation

doi: 10.1155/2010/326909

Figure Lengend Snippet: (a) Semiquantitative RT-PCR analysis was carried out to detect the levels of ActRIIb and follistatin levels in untransfected L6E9 (control) and in cells stably transfected with the dnActRIIb form, treated with TSA, or alternatively transfected with a short human follistatin form. Gapdh amplification was performeds as loading control. (b) Phase contrast pictures show the morphology of L6E9 cells after delivery of a dnActRIIb form, exposure to histone deacetylases inhibitor TSA, or stable follistatin overexpression, as compared to control cells. After Giemsa staining, pictures were taken under the same magnification over a time-course of 3 days. Bar = 100 μ m. (c) The graphs report the quantification of the myotube size in L6E9 cells transfected with dnActRIIb, treated with TSA or overexpressing follistatin as compared to control over a 3-day time-course differentiation. * P < .05 versus control. (d) Immunoblotting was performed to detect the protein levels of myogenin, Cav-3, and MyHC in L6E9 expressing the dnActRIIb form, exposed to TSA or alternatively transfected with follistatin compared to control cells. Tubulin was used as loading control.

Article Snippet: The following primary mouse monoclonal antibodies (1 : 1000 diluted) were used: anti-Myogenin (clone F5D, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), anti-MyHC (Hybridoma Bank, University of Iowa), and anti-Cav-3 (clone 26, BD Transduction Laboratories).

Techniques: Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Stable Transfection, Transfection, Amplification, Over Expression, Staining, Western Blot, Expressing

Journal: Journal of Inflammation Research

Article Title: Qing-Luo-Yin Alleviated Experimental Arthritis in Rats by Disrupting Immune Feedback Between Inflammatory T Cells and Monocytes: Key Evidences from Its Effects on Immune Cell Phenotypes

doi: 10.2147/JIR.S346365

Figure Lengend Snippet: Impact of QLY treatment on immune milieu in AIA rats. ( A ) Flow cytometry analysis of CD3 + CD4 + IL-17α + Th17 cells in peripheral blood sampled on day 18; ( B ) flow cytometry analysis of inflammatory CD43 + CD86 + monocytes in peripheral blood sampled on day 18; ( C ) mRNA expression of iNOS, IL-1β, MCP-1, IL-10, Arg-1, SIRT1 in peripheral WBCs collected on day 18 and 28 assessed by RT-qPCR; ( D ) immunofluorescence method-based observation of co-localization of molecule CD43 and SIRT1 in peripheral monocytes sampled on day 18, yellow arrow: high expression of SIRT1, green arrow: high expression of CD43. Statistical significance: *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01 compared with AIA model rats.

Article Snippet: Anti-rat primary CD43 (Sc-53044), SIRT1 (D107) and STAT3 (10253-2-AP) antibodies were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA), Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA) and Proteintech Group (Chicago, IL, USA), respectively.

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Immunofluorescence